Teton County, Idaho Archives - Page 11 of 27

What is going on with the potential County Zone and Code changes?

March 9, 2020 By Tayson Rockefeller Leave a Comment

The county is currently working through a land development code update. They have drafted an initial code, and are currently in the stages of the public review and comment for the draft code. There are some big proposed changes, but what do they mean?

Teton County’s comprehensive plan, zoning, land use and development codes can be a lot to understand. I often have to find ways to articulate information and provide data in an efficient way without being overbearing, similar to situations when I am working with a first-time home buyer. I’m going to try to explain the new proposed zoning changes in this article, saving the development and code changes for another day.

WHAT IS IT NOW?

The County (not City limits) is currently made up of two main types of zoning, A-2.5 and A-20 zones. Most of the areas South of Victor and North or East of State Highway 33 are A-2.5, and most everything else (save for a few areas along the foothills) is A-20. It’s roughly 50-50. What does that mean? It’s pretty simple. A-2.5 has a minimum density requirement of one house & guest house per 2.5 acres, and A-20 is 20 acres. There are a few other zoning categories, mostly related to industrial and commercial use.

WHAT IS PROPOSED?

Aside from the commercial zones, there are five new zoning types proposed. Keeping in mind that the number represents the minimum density requirement per residence, they are as follows: A “Rural Agriculture” 35 acre zone replaces most of what used to be the A-20. A second 35 acre “Wetland” zone is similar, presumably with stricter development guidelines due to its location within wetland areas, mostly in the watershed East of the Teton River. A “Foothill” 10-acre zone encompasses most of the surrounding foothills, which would take the place of the previous 2.5 acres zone in many areas. A rural neighborhood 20 acres zone is built around the areas East of Driggs to accommodate future development, and finally, the highest density zone is a “Rural Neighborhood” 5 acre zone that would encompass the Fox Creek area between Victor and Driggs and the Hastings Lane are between Driggs and Tetonia, both mostly limited to areas East of State Highway 33.

WHAT DOES IT MEAN? This is largely up to interpretation and debate. Unfortunately, it will likely turn into a political debate, but that’s not my purpose here. My interpretation is that it is clear that the density requirements are going to go WAY down. In other words, there will be fewer homes per acre. It will likely decrease the supply of land over time, and increase demand. In theory, this could increase property values in the distant future as existing land is absorbed. At the same token, it will make it challenging for newcomers to the area looking for affordable land. As a property owner, I see both the upside and downside. I do not own any large farm tracts so I am not affected by land development challenges. I also feel that many of our building sites are more affordable than they should be, considering the recreational market status of our community. However, that is mostly attributed to the perception of oversupply (and construction costs), which I have discussed in previous articles, and will discuss further in future ones.

How many vacant building sites are there? (Really)

November 14, 2019 By Tayson Rockefeller Leave a Comment

I’ve been reading a number of articles lately referencing the impact all of the development in the late 2000s had on Teton Valley. Many of these articles compare today’s potential problems with those of the subdivision development era. Glampgrounds, RV parks, and certainly any further land development have been targets, often for good reason. While I agree that the amount of development that occurred in the late 2000s was extreme, I believe that the perceived impact and comparison to some of these other projects is also extreme, and in many cases exaggerated. I’ve heard numbers from 7000 to 16000 undeveloped building lots in Teton Valley which off the cuff, sounded high to me. So, I decided to investigate.

My first thought was that I would have to find a list of the available subdivisions, add up the number of lots in each, and subtract lots with improvements. This seemed like a daunting task. Fortunately, I learned that Rob Marin, the county’s extremely talented GIS coordinator had already done the heavy lifting. He based his analysis on subdivision lots, which is exactly what I would have done. After all, the purpose of the comparison and root of the problem is indeed subdivision lots. He determined (with a small margin of error) that there are 8,454 subdivision lots in the county, and that 3106 had improvements as of the date of Rob’s study, leaving 5,348 vacant subdivision lots in the county.

***Now might be a great time to read one of my past articles, With so many available building sites, why is it so hard to find what I am looking for?

Admittedly, this sounds like a lot. It is a lot. The question is, and point of my article; is the number of vacant building sites really as detrimental and overwhelming as it appears and is made to sound? Here are a few points from the devil’s advocate, speaking in generalities.

1) Some subdivisions really do, in my opinion, exist in a vacuum. What happens in or with them really doesn’t have very much impact on the rest of the real estate market. Example: Tributary, FKA Huntsman Springs. There are roughly 500 vacant building sites in Tributary. This is almost 10% of the 5,000 vacant building sites mentioned. The same goes for many other large-scale developments such as River Rim Ranch. Could it be construed that these developments are problems in and of themselves? Sure. However, if real estate prices plummeted, or skyrocketed in Tributary, I don’t feel it would have a major impact on the rest of the real estate in Teton Valley.

2) We know that roughly 65% of the available building sites are vacant, or at least have no improvements. There are approximately 300 subdivisions in Teton County. For the sake of making a point, imagine that each of them has roughly 25 lots. Each of those have 8 or 9 houses. A few of those own the neighboring lots. This isn’t the case, but it puts things in perspective.

3) Teton Valley is big. If you start breaking this down by quadrant, for example, the southeast corner of the valley (better known as Victor) doesn’t really have a problem as there are relatively few subdivisions with little to no improvements. Things are much closer to the scenario I outlined in point 2 above, if not better. Yes, I know there’s a counterpoint to every point I’ve made here. Some of the big subdivisions that are mostly vacant are considered to be the biggest part of the problem. The issue isn’t necessarily consistent across the board as mentioned in point 2, and while things are looking pretty good in Driggs and Victor, Tetonia has a huge ratio of some of these subdivisions with very few, or no homes at all. In any case, it is what it is. They are what they are, and they’ll sell when they sell. We can’t take away land from those who invested in a piece of Teton Valley just because we now recognize that things got carried away a decade ago. As a final point, throughout the course of my career, there have always been approximately 500 building sites on the market at any given time. I suspect that isn’t going to change anytime soon, so I’m not particularly worried about extreme changes with respect to value. The key takeaway is that there are a few (several) problem subdivisions out there. However, in most cases they are being farmed, waiting for their moment to become a neighborhood. I believe in responsible growth, and hope we can learn from mistakes relative to oversupply and over-development, but I hope past mistakes don’t prevent Teton Valley from growing responsibly.

Septic Systems in Idaho

March 19, 2019 By Tayson Rockefeller Leave a Comment

I’ve written a few articles in the past about septic systems. There’s some basic information in these articles, but I’ll review that again here in an effort to have a complete write-up on the topic. As a disclosure, I am trying to provide a guideline for my future customers and readers. However, it’s important to always follow up with the current regulations and restrictions in place at the local Public Health Department.

What is a Septic System?

It would be unrealistic for all areas to have access to infrastructure that would pump sewage and wastewater to a treatment facility. While municipal sewer connections are available throughout area, they are mostly restricted to areas within, or near city limits. Because an alternative method of disposal is needed, septic systems are the go-to method in the area. Essentially, these systems are self-contained wastewater treatment systems. Conventional systems consist of a septic tank followed by a drain field. Both liquids and solids flow into the tank where solids decomposed and liquids are discharged into a series of perforated pipes buried in a field (called a leach field) which slowly releases the effluent back into the soil.

It’s important to know that septic system requirements are not dictated locally. They are done so at the State level, with guidance from the DEQ. In order to install a septic system, or even to obtain a building permit, you must first obtain a permit from your local Health Department. In order to do that, the Health Department must understand the soil composition and water table for the proposed location of your septic system. This information is gathered by performing a site analysis.

Site Analysis

A site analysis is performed by having a 10-foot deep hole dug in the approximate location of the proposed septic system. It is preferred that this hole is dug during the Spring when the water tables are at their highest point. Once the hole is in place, a Health Department official can make note of the soil composition and the depth of the water table. A general guideline for the allowance of a “Basic Subsurface Disposal System” is as follows:

A standard septic system can usually be installed if the separation from bottom of the leach field to the top water level is:

Sand: more than 6 feet of separation

Silt: more than 4 feet of separation

Clay: more than 3 feet of separation

It’s also important to note that the health department would prefer to perform these analyses during times of high water. However, if you are obtaining a permit in the fall months when the water table is low, it is possible that they can review nearby information and cross reference other site analysis that have been performed in the immediate area to approve a septic permit during these times. It is possible that the department could require the installation of a simple groundwater monitoring device such as a piezometer tube, or a tube with perforations that measures the level of the water during high-water months to determine the type of system required. Presumably, the department could issue play temporary permit to begin construction to determine the type of system required at a later date.

Standard Septic Systems

As you might have guessed, a basic septic system is usually the most cost-effective form of wastewater disposal. The vast majority of septic systems installed are this type. Throughout most of the region, the water table separation is ample enough to not require any sort of alternative system. There are a few circumstances and areas where the water table is high enough that an alternative system is required. These areas include low-lying areas near wetlands, areas along creeks and riverbanks, and so forth.

Alternative Septic Systems

In the event it is determined during your site analysis that a standard septic system is not suitable do to the soil composition, height of the water table, or both, a variety of alternative systems can be used, so long as they are approved by the state. There are both proprietary, and non-proprietary systems that are approved.

Proprietary Septic Systems

A proprietary septic system is basically a name brand system. At the time of this writing, it is my understanding that there are two proprietary septic systems that are approved with the State. These companies include Presby Environmental and Infiltrator Water Technologies. Both of these companies utilize proprietary materials and methods to enhance the capabilities of a standard system. In years past, other proprietary companies have been approved in the State for septic systems. Some of these required specific maintenance and or maintenance agreements. It is important to be wary of these systems. In the event they no longer service your area, it may be difficult to keep your system in compliance. It is my understanding that Presby nor Infiltrator Water Technologies’ ATL require a specific maintenance plan. It is also my understanding that both of these systems can be used as long as the water level separation (discussed in the site analysis section) is at least 12 inches. Another notable benefit is that neither of these systems require an electrical connection or the use of expensive pumps.

Other Alternative Septic Systems

There are other methods of wastewater disposal that can be used when needed. The state of Idaho has a technical guidance manual that is updated quarterly which includes all of the approved types of septic systems for wastewater disposal. There are more than two dozen types of approved methods, but below are a few of the more common types Alternative Septic Systems.

Gravelless or Chamber Systems: a conventional septic system usually has gravel embedded around the perforated pipes to promote drainage. Gravelless Systems can you use plastic Chambers or pipe wrapped with media that can help distribute liquid into the soil. These systems can also be used in conjunction with Raised Mound systems in areas with high groundwater.
Raised Mound Systems: Mound Systems are commonly referenced in our area when needed due to high water levels, and can be used to increase the distance between the drain field and the water level by building up the soil over the leach field and pumping the wastewater up, and into the raised area.
Drip Distribution Systems: Drip Distribution Systems pump the liquids into the drain field in timed intervals as required by the soil type.
Aerobic Treatment Units: ATUs introduce aeration into treatment tanks which increases natural bacterial activity helping decompose waste.

Other systems include tanks with sand filtration, tanks that promote evaporation as opposed to liquids being reabsorbed into the soil, and tanks that contain plants and other natural elements that help treat the wastewater.

Separation requirements

As a final consideration when looking at your site plan, project, or even the purchase of land, it’s important to know that bodies of water can have an impact on the allowance of a septic system within a certain distance.

Septic Drain Field separation requirements (standard drainfield)

Permanent or intermittent surface water (ie creek, river, etc) = 100 to 300 feet depending on soil type
Temporary surface water (ie. irrigation canal) = 50-75 feet depending on soil type

Septic Tank separation requirements

Permanent or intermittent surface water (ie creek, river, etc) = 50 feet.
Temporary surface water (ie. irrigation canal) = 25 feet depending on soil type

There are also other separation requirements such as separation from your well, and separation from your property line.

Resources:

State Resources and Manuals

Eastern Idaho Public Health Online Septic Program Resources

State of Idaho Individual/Subsurface Sewage Disposal Rules manual

State of Idaho DEQ Technical Guidance Manual
Useful TGM Notes:

Section 3: Standard Subsurface Disposal System Design
Section 4: Alternative Systems. This section is quite long, and describes each system in full. You could compile a list of approved systems from the table of contents. Each type of system is listed under the heading 4.#.
Section 4.1.3: There is a table of compatible alternative systems in this section that I find very useful.
Section 5.14: Proprietary Wastewater Treatment Products. Presby is contained in this list, but the Infiltrator ATL is not yet listed. I’ve attached the letter of approval for the ATL and another new proprietary system (Eljen GSF). Also attached are manuals for Presby and Infiltrator ATL.

Separation Requirements

Proprietary Systems

Presby Environmental’s Enviro-Septic System

Infiltrator Water Technologies’ Infiltrator ATL System

Eljen Corporation’s GSF System

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